Firearm



June 17, 1930. o. H. LOOMIS FIREARM Filed Feb. 16, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet lH m v u June 17, 1930., I O. H. LOOMIS 1,763,665

. m A 3511 W FIREARM Filed Feb. 16, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IE] HjgjmsPatented June 17, I 930 v UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE OLIVER H. LOOMIS,OF ILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY,

. INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE rrnmam Application filed. February 16,1925. Serial No. 9,582.

. tubular magazine extending longitudinally beneath the barrel, and aretransferred one at a time to the chamber. The shell in the chamber isfired by the impact therewith of a firing pin driven forward by a blowfrom a pivoted hammer. The hammer is held in cocked position by theengagement with a notch therein of the nose of a sear integral with thetrigger. I

When the gun has been fired the functions of unlocking and retractingthe breech block,

ejecting the empty shell, cocking the hammer, transferring a fresh shellfrom the magazine to the chamber, and advancing and locking the breechblock, are all performed by reciprocating an action bar attached to theforearm, the movement of the action bar and forearm being firstrearward, then forward to initial position. Since guns of this type arefired from the shoulder, and are usually held against the shoulder bymeans of the forearm, it is necessary that the action bar be lockedagainst rearward movement when the gun is in ready-to-fire condition. Tothis end the Browning patent above identified provides an action barlock, and a control device'therefor, associated with the hammer, whichprevents retraction of the action bar while the hammer is cocked, unlessthe lock is released by manipulation of an extending finger piece.

It is likewise desirable that means be provided for preventing the fallof' the hammer until the action bar has been fully advanced, therebyclosing the breech and locking the breech block. The hammer is concealedin the receiver, and in order to cock the hammer it is necessary tofully operate the actlon. If the hammer can he moved forwardas theaction is closed by holding the trigger depressed or by othermanipulation, the hammer can be cocked only by again operating theaction and thereby ejecting the unfired shell in the chamber. I

Moreover, if the hammer can be released to move forward when the breechblock is not closed and locked, there is danger that a shell orcartridge may be fired with the breech block in this condition, withserious injury to the mechanism or the shooter, or both. This is acontingency which must be carefully guarded against.

In the Browning patent above identified a device associated with theaction bar lock engages the hammer and holds it in cocked positionduring the greater part of the forward movement of the breech block.However, the construction of this device is such that the hammer isreleased before the breech block is locked. Moreover, it is efiectiveonly if the action bar has been fully retracted. Assume that a freshshell'has been placed in the chamber and the breech closed and locked byone complete operation of the action bar. If the action bar lock is nowwithdrawn by manipulation of the finger piece provided for this purpose,and the action bar partially retracted, the hammer is then free from themer and trigger, effective to prevent the forward movement of the hammerwhile the .tri gger is held depressed, and likewise effective to preventdepression of the trigger during a certain part of the movement of thehammer.

A further object of the invention is'to rovide means for preventing therelease 0 the hammer from the sear when the breech is not entirelyclosed, this means being controlled solely by the position of the actionbar and not dependent on a certain sequence of operations of themechanism.

With these and other objects in view my invention consists in the novelcombinations and arrangements of parts which are illustrated in thedrawings and will be hereinafter described;

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, of thereceiver of a gun embodying my invention, showing the action closed, thehammer cooked, and the associated parts in the corresponding positions.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the trigger plate, action bar slide,and a part of the breech block, the slide being in its rearmostposition.

Fi 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the ide passing out ofengagement with the hammer, and the hammer and trigger lock in effectiveposition.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the hammer cooked and theaction bar slide forward and locked.

Fig. 5 is a planview of the trigger plate and parts mounted thereon.

Fig. 6 is a 'detail of the trigger locking sear.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section thru the trigger plate showing the hammerengaged by the f leased from the shell retaining devices to triggercontrolled hammer latch.

F1 8 is an inverted plan view of the action fiar slide.

The fire control mechanism is housed in a receiver or frame 10 having a.bottom opening 11, thru which the fresh shells are inserted into themagazine 12 and the empty shell cases are ejected. Slidably mounted inguide channels 13 in the sides of the frame is an action bar slide 14attached by pin 15 to an action bar 16 which is connected at its forwardend of the usual forearm (not shown). The action bar slide 14 is thusadapted to be reciprocated by manipulation of the forearm, and thereciprocation of the action bar controls the operations incident toejecting the empty shell case from the chamber and feeding the, freshshell from the magazine to the chamber in the manner which will behereinafter described. The breech block, indicated generally by 17comprises longitudinal recesses which contain the extractor 18 and thefiring pin 19. The firing pin is held in place by cross pin 20, and isretracted from engagement with the head of the shell by spring 21. Arecess cut in the top of the frame 10 forms a recoil shoulder 22 adaptedto engage the end- 23 of the breech block,

thereby locking the breech block in breech closing position until it islowered by movement of the action bar.

A lug or hook 24 projecting downwardly from the breech block is adapted.to engage a messes recess 25 in the action bar slide 14: as clearlyshown in Fig. 2. When the action bar is drawn rearwardly the forwardedge of hook 24 is engaged by an inclined cam face 26 on the action barslide whereby the breech block is lowered out of engagement with recoilshoulder 22. Further rearward movement of the action bar drawsthe breechblock rearwardly, breech block and the action bar slide moving together.On the forward movement of the action bar, the action bar slide andbreech block move together until the breech is closed and the end 23 ofthe breech block is in front of recoil shouldder 22. As

the forward movement of the action bar is completed the inclined camface 27 of action bar slide 25 raises the breech block into engagementwith recoil shoulde 22.

The means for retaining shells in the magazine, and for releasing themone at a time to about its horizontal pivot into position to engage thehead of the second shell in the magazine and hold this shell until theretainer 28 is restored to' efi'ective position.

The means for transferring the shell reposition to be moved into thechamber by the head of the breech block, comprises a carrier device,pivoted at 30 to the sides of the frame 10. This carrier devicecomprises iongitudinally extending spring fingers 31 connected at theirrear ends by a cross piece 32. When the breech is closed the carrierfingers are in the position indicated in Fig. 1. As the action bar andbreech block begin to move rearwardly, the ends of lingers 31 engagecams 33 on the sides of the breech block, moving the fingers upwardlyinto a recess 34 in the top of the receiver. In the further rearwardmovement of the breech block, the

beneath the carrier fingers. As the breech block and action bar slidereach the end of their rearward movement, cross piece 32 is engaged bycam face 36 at the rear of the action bar slide and the carrier fingersare quickly moved downwardly to eject the empty shell cases, and toreceive a fresh shell from the magazine. As the action bar slide reachesthe end of its rearward movement the rearmost shell in the magazine isreleased from retainer 28 and is pushed out of the magazine on to thecarrier fingers 31 by the magazine spring. As the actionbar slide beginsto move forward, inclines 37 on 'the carrier fingers are engaged by camfaces 38 on the action bar slide, and the carrier fingers, with theshell which has been placed spread'to permit the passage of the breechblock, and dropping behind the cam shoulders 33. The shell retaining andtransferring devices are more fully described in the Browning patentabove identified.

At the rear of the cartridge or shell opening 11 is a trigger plate40,'which carries certain elements of the fire control mechanism,including a hammer 41 The hammer is pivotedon a transverse pin 42, andis connected by means of a pin 43 with a rearward ly extending hammerlink 4. A hammer spring 45 lies in-a suitable recess in the trig gerplate, and a spring follower 46 engages the end of hammer link 44'.

A trigger 47 pivoted in the trigger plate on trigger pin 48, comprises aforwardly extending arm or sear 49, adapted to engage a hammer notch 50,and is pressed toward hammer engaging position by sear spring 51. Thetrigger likewise comprises an unwardly extending heel 52 adapted toengage the trigg ger locking safety stud 53. M

An action bar locking member 54, pivot- "ally mounted on the trigger pin48, is urged to rotate counterclockwise (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) by actio'nbar lock spring 55, into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 4, in whichthe nose 56 of the action bar lock engages the heel 561 of the actionbar slide, locking the slide against retraction. The means forautomatically rocking the action bar slide to ineffective position whenthe gun is fired, comprises a springmember 57 having an en 571 whichextends transversely over the hammer link 44. Spring member 57is'secured to the look at its forward end, and vpasses under a shortstud 58 on the lock. The hammer link comprises a cam lug 59 which, on

i the forward movement of the hammerengages the lateral extension of thespring member 57, moving it upward. The tension .on this member is thensufiicient to overcome the action bar block spring 55, and the actionbar lock is rotated clockwise to inefiective posi tion. Means areprovided for manually mov-- ing the action bar lock to ineflectiveposition, comprising an extending finger piece 60 integral with theaction bar lock.

My invention contemplates interlocking devices effective to preventrelease of the hammer from cocked position'whenever the action bar slideis out of its forward or home position, in which position it holds thebreech block locked, as shown in Fig. 1. These interlocking devicescomprise first, a sear controlled by the action bar lock and acting toblock the movement of the trigger 7 whenever the action bar lock'is notin effective position; and second, a latch bonstituting an interlockbetween hammer and trigrename 5 lows:

,Alever or'safety sear 61, pivoted finthe triggerraplate at'f62comprises a: forwardly extending etoe 63: which :underlies the rear ger.:The strigger locking device. mentioned I thevactionwbarnlockisconstructed asfolendow-tail vof. the actionebar lock, anda ismovedforiwardby the spring; 65 toa position in which it ;is effective toblockmovement-ofi the trigger to hammer releasing posi tion. v But when thenose of the action bar lock; 18. raised by spring 551mmefi'ectiveposition, its tail engagesthe safety sear moving it rearwardlyand-downwardly. The foot 64 is therebymoved opposite a .groove or de-;

pression 65' in {the trigger.. The trigger is the fremto. move to hammerreleasing position, the groove 65 embracing the foot64.-

i.-Thesinterlock-between: hammer and triger ,comprises latch 66pivotedon-a cross pm 67, which fpin also .servesas a stop for the-actionbar lock.- The latch 66 comprises.

aiheel 661 adaptedto engage the trigger, and amose 68: adapted, whenheel 661- is raised bypressing the trigger, "to engage a ledge orlip;.69:on .the'ham ner. .The engaging surfaces of the lip 69 and thenose 68 are beveled,

so.that-thehammer:willcamthe latch back I and move past itunlessthelatch is positively held-in. hammer engagingjposition. Above the-nose68 the latch comprises an jarcuate face (1 7 Okadapted tocoirtact withthe edge of the lip ,69 ,iasthis,part ofthe hammer moves past saidface... The engagement of theface 70 with-thelip 69efl'ects the-movementof the triggen-to position in which the sear will engage the hammernotch, as the hammer is drawn backward, a d again as it moves forard tonormal. cockedfposition.

The 1 operation of ,myimproved interlocking- 7 devices is; as followsAssume that the gl n ;i's,cocked, and,the breech closed. -The inthe-position shown in Figs. 1 and 4.- The hammer-As .held by the -se ar,the nose ofthe action bar lock is pushed upward bythe aeparts ofthe.fire control mechanism are then tiombarlgock spring intothe; path ofthe heel of the action bar slide, thus locking the action bar. Thesafetysear is pushed rearwardly against the tension of its spring by the tailof the action bar lock, so that the foot 64 is opposite the groove inthe trigger, and, the trigger is free to move.

In order'to retract the action bar to unlock and open the breech, it isnecessary to press the finger piece 60 rearwardly, thereby rocking thenose of the action bar lock out of the path of the action bar slide.This movement however, raises the heel of the action bar lock out ofengagement with the safety sear.

The safety sear is thereupon moved forward by its spring, the footmoving out of alignment with the groove in the trigger and blocking thetrigger against the movement necessary to release the hammer from thesear. The trigger is thus blocked against the slide holds the nose ofthe action bar lock is ineffective. If the action bar is now par tiallyretracted the bottom of the action bar slide holds the nose of theaction bar lock depressed and the safety sear remains in trigger lockingposition. llhe trigger is again released for operation only when theaction bar is fully advanced and the action bar lock rocked by itsspring to effective position.

Assume now that the gun has been fired and the action bar is given onefull operation for the purpose of ejecting the empty shell, andreloading. As the action bar slide moves rearwardly it carries thehammer back to the position shown in Fig. 2; in the normal operation ofthe gun as the action bar moves forward the hammer also moves forward tothe Fig. 1 position, in which it is engaged by the sear. Suppose,however, that the shooter attempts to hold the trigger back whileoperating the action. The action bar may be operaated but the hammerwill remain cocked, the mechanism for effecting this result operating asfollows: As the action bar is retracted the action bar slide 14 movesrearwardly out of engagement with the nose 56 of the action bar lock, tothe position shown in Fig. 2. In this position the heel of the actionbar lock engages and depresses the safety sear 61 so that the foot 64registers with the trigger notch 65 and the trigger is free from thelocking action of the safety sear. However, in its cocking movement thehammer engages and rocks the hammer latch 66, which, thru the shoulder661 forces the finger engaging part of the trigger forward, therebywarning the shooter that the trigger should be released. But if theshooter continues to. draw rearwardly upon the trigger, again depressingit, the nose 68 of the hammer latch 66 engages v with the ledge 69 onthe hammer, thereby retaining the hammer in the position shown in Fig. 7as long as the trigger is held depressed. When the trigger has beenreleased'and the hammer starts forward, the arcuate face 70 of the latchis engaged by the end of the hammer, thus preventing a second depressionofthe trigger until the hammer clears said arcuate face, and before thisoccurs, the action bar slide 14 moves into engagement with the nose 56of the action bar lock and rocks said lock out of engagement with thesafety sear 61,

thereby permitting spring 65 to swing the safety sear into triggerlocking position. The hammer thus comes to rest in engagement with thenose 49, that is, in its normal cocked position.

aveaeee Variations in the structure iilustrated and describedmayberesorted to, it being understood that the embodiment of theinvention herein shown is illustrative rather than restrictive, and thatthe invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

It claim:

1. In a fire control mechanism, in combination, a trigger plate, ahammer and a trigger pivoted in said trigger plate, and a triggercontrolled hammer latch pivoted in said plate and adapted to engage saidhammer when said trigger is held depressed.

2. In a fire control mechanism, in combination, a hammer, a triggercontrolling said hammer, a pivoted interlock adapted to alternatelyblock the forward movement of the hammer and the hammer releasingmovement of the trigger.

3. In a fire control mechanism, in combination, a hammer, means forretracting said hammer, a trigger mechanism adapted to retain saidhammer in cocked position, but to release said hammer when depressed,and an interlock adapted to engage said hammer when said trigger is helddepressed during the retraction of said hammer, and to prevent hammerreleasing movement of said trigger during a part of the movement of saidhammer.

4- In a fire control mechanism in combination a frame, an action bar, apivoted hammer, a pivoted trigger comprising a nose adapted to engageand hold said hammer, an action bar lock pivoted concentric with saidtrigger, a substantially vertically disposed trigger lock separatelypivoted in said frame and overlying said trigger, and a rearwardlyextending projection on said action bar lock ildtipbed to engage aportion of said trigger 5. In a fire control mechanism, in combination,an action bar, a pivoted hammer, a pivoted trigger comprising aforwardly extending sear nose adapted to engage said hammer, a hammerspring, a strut connecting said hammer and hammer spring, an action'barlock pivoted concentric with said trigger and controlled by said strut,a trigger lock controlled by said action bar lock, and a hammer lockcontrolled by said trigger.

" OLIVER H. LOOMIS.

